3D Printing SLM / DMLS Services
Selective Laser Melting and Direct Metal Laser Sintering of titanium powders — achieving full-density components with mechanical properties surpassing wrought material, internal channels, and complex lattice geometries.
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SLM Powder-Bed Fusion Breakdown
Three critical SLM/DMLS process stages — from precision laser micro-scanning to powder bed fusion and complex lattice topology generation, ensuring full-density, defect-free titanium components.
Monolithic Laser Micro-Scanning
Ytterbium Fiber Laser Focus ø 70 µmHigh-energy Yb-fiber laser with precision focus down to 70 µm spot diameter — enabling ultra-crisp resolution profiles, fine feature reproduction, and sharp internal geometries in titanium powder beds.
- Yb-fiber laser output up to 400 W with variable pulse shaping
- Spot focus diameter tunable ø 70–100 µm for feature resolution control
- Galvanometer scanning speeds up to 7 m/s for rapid hatch filling
- Multi-strategy scanning: chessboard, stripe, and island pattern modes
Micro-Layer Powder Bed Fusion
Layer Thickness 20 – 40 µmSingle-stroke recoater blade precisely deposits uniform powder layers with thickness tightly balanced between 20 µm and 40 µm — ensuring consistent melt pool dynamics and isotropic mechanical properties through the entire build height.
- Soft recoater blade system minimizes powder disruption on delicate features
- Layer thickness calibration within ±2 µm across full 250 mm platform
- Adaptive layer strategy: thin layers (20 µm) for fine surfaces, thick (40 µm) for core bulk
- Real-time melt pool monitoring for layer-to-layer consistency verification
Complex Lattice & Organics Topology
Conformal Cooling, Lightweight Structures, Bio-PoresFlawless tracking of conformal cooling channels, organic lightweight lattice structures, and bio-implant porous networks — enabling design freedom impossible with subtractive manufacturing while maintaining full structural integrity.
- Gyroid, diamond, and custom TPMS lattice generation for lightweighting
- Conformal cooling channel networks with smooth curvilinear paths
- Bio-implant porous structures with controlled pore size (200–800 µm)
- Support generation optimized for minimal post-processing touch-points
SLM Mechanical Performance Dashboard
Hard mechanical properties of our SLM Ti-6Al-4V components — validated per ASTM F2924 and ASTM F3302 aerospace specifications.
Build Chamber Footprint
Industrial-grade build volume accommodating medium-to-large titanium components in a single print cycle — from aerospace brackets to medical implant arrays.
Tensile Strength (σb)
Ultimate tensile strength surpassing forged Ti-6Al-4V properties — validated per ASTM F2924 with full-density microstructures free of lack-of-fusion porosity.
Yield Strength (σs)
High yield strength achieved through optimized laser energy density and controlled cooling rates — ensuring elastic performance matching aerospace design allowables.
Fracture Elongation (A)
High ductility bounds demonstrating excellent plastic deformation capacity before failure — critical for aerospace crash-worthiness and medical implant fatigue life.
Minimum Wall Resolution
Fine structural wall capability down to 150 µm — enabling thin-walled lattice struts, compliant mechanisms, and intricate internal channel geometries without support structures.
Mechanical properties measured from as-built + stress-relieved condition. Post-HIP treatment can further improve ductility and fatigue performance. All values per ASTM F2924 (Ti-6Al-4V).
Micro-Void & Layer Purity Control
Two critical SLM metallurgical challenges — unstable melt pool dynamics causing micro-porosity and oxygen contamination leading to oxide embrittlement. Here's how we ensure aerospace-grade density and layer purity.
Dynamic Melt Pool Control
During SLM processing of titanium, unstable melt pool dynamics can cause balling (beading of molten material), lack-of-fusion porosity between adjacent scan tracks, and keyhole porosity from excessive energy density — all of which degrade relative material density below aerospace-acceptable thresholds of 99.5%.
Optimized Laser Energy Density Parameters & Real-Time Melt Pool Monitoring
- Volumetric energy density (VED) precisely tuned to 60-120 J/mm³ range for Ti-6Al-4V — balancing laser power (150-400 W), scan speed (600-1,200 mm/s), and hatch spacing (80-120 µm) to achieve stable conduction-mode melting without keyhole transition
- Real-time melt pool monitoring via coaxial photodiode sensor — capturing melt pool emission intensity and geometry at 100 kHz sampling rate, enabling closed-loop power adjustment within individual scan vectors
- Balling suppression through reduced oxygen content (<100 ppm) and optimized scan vector length (<5 mm island size) — eliminating capillary instability that causes droplet formation on molten track surfaces
- Verification via Archimedes density measurement (ASTM B311) and cross-sectional micrograph analysis — consistently achieving ≥99.5% relative density with zero lack-of-fusion or keyhole porosity across all build positions
Full Argon Gas Cycle
Titanium's extreme chemical reactivity at SLM processing temperatures (1,600-2,000°C in the melt pool) means that even trace oxygen contamination causes oxide inclusion formation, alpha-case embrittlement layers, and reduced fatigue performance. Additionally, laser-generated soot and spatter particles can become entrapped in subsequent layers if not continuously evacuated.
Sub-100 ppm O₂ Chamber Atmosphere & Forced Micro-Filtration Loop
- Dual zirconia oxygen sensors positioned at gas inlet and outlet ports — maintaining continuous real-time monitoring with automated argon purge activation if O₂ exceeds 100 ppm threshold, preventing build contamination within <2 seconds
- Ultra-high-purity argon (99.999% grade) with laminar flow distribution across the powder bed — creating a positive-pressure inert gas curtain that prevents atmospheric oxygen ingress through the recoater slot and chamber seals
- Forced micro-filtration recirculation loop (HEPA H13 + activated carbon) extracting laser-generated soot, condensate aerosols, and spatter particles at 200 CFM — maintaining optical clarity for the galvanometer system and preventing particle re-deposition on the powder bed
- Closed-loop gas management system with automated regeneration — argon consumption optimized via oxygen feedback, reducing operational costs while maintaining sub-100 ppm atmosphere across continuous 120+ hour print runs
Ready for Additive Production?
Submit Your STL/STEP for SLM Review
Upload your STL, STEP, or PDF engineering files for a complete 24-hour manufacturing feasibility assessment — including build orientation analysis, support strategy optimization, achievable feature resolution, mechanical property validation, and multi-tier pricing.
Submit for SLM FeasibilityGuidance for the professionals who specify titanium
Role-specific answers and resources for engineers and buyers in this industry.
Common questions from this audience
What titanium additive manufacturing do you offer?
SLM / DMLS 3D printing from rapid prototypes in 3-5 days to low-volume production with mechanical properties matching wrought material.
Which titanium grade is used for 3D printing?
Ti-6Al-4V (Grade 5) and Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) are the most common for additive components.
Do you combine AM with CNC finishing?
Yes—we finish printed parts with CNC machining to achieve tight tolerances and required surface finishes.
Related resources
Request a quoteOne Metal. One Focus. Infinite Precision.
Founded in 2011 in Baoji's Titanium Valley, BOZE Metal is dedicated exclusively to titanium — from raw material to precision engineering. AS9100D, ISO 13485 & ISO 9001 certified with 500+ clients across Aerospace, Medical & Motorsport industries, we deliver end-to-end precision titanium CNC machining with full material traceability from source to component.
Boze Titanium Manufacturing Center is operated by Baoji Boze Metal Products Co., Ltd.