BOZE CNC Ti | Beta Titanium Alloy

Grade 21 – Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al Beta Alloy Grade 21

Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al (Grade 21, UNS R58210) — a metastable beta titanium alloy offering exceptional cold formability in the solution-treated condition combined with very high strength after aging. The preferred material for complex sheet metal aerospace components and high-strength strip products.

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Entity Definition

What is Grade 21 Titanium (Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al)?

Grade 21 (Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al, also known as Ti-15-3) is a metastable beta titanium alloy developed for applications requiring a combination of exceptional room-temperature formability and very high post-aging strength. In the solution-treated condition, it can be cold formed similarly to CP titanium, then aged to achieve tensile strengths exceeding 1,170 MPa (170 ksi).

Classification

Metastable Beta Titanium Alloy (β)
UNS Number

UNS R58210

Common Names

Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al Grade 21 UNS R58210 Ti-15-3

Key Characteristics

  • Exceptional cold formability in solution-treated condition — formable like CP titanium
  • Very high strength after aging — up to 1,240 MPa (180 ksi)
  • Excellent strip and sheet product formability for complex geometries
  • Good corrosion resistance — comparable to other titanium alloys
  • Heat treatable with simple solution treatment and aging cycle
  • Suitable for thin-gauge aerospace sheet metal and honeycomb structures
Applicable Standards

Applicable Standards

Grade 21 titanium conforms to the following international material standards:

ASTM B265 — Sheet, Strip, and Plate
ASTM B348 — Bars and Billets
AMS 4914 — Sheet, Strip, and Plate (Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al)
AMS 4932 — Sheet, Strip, and Plate (Solution Heat Treated and Aged)
AMS 4933 — Bars, Wire, and Forgings
Material Properties

Mechanical & Physical Properties

Typical properties for Grade 21 Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al (solution treated vs. aged):

Tensile Strength (solution treated) 830 MPa (120 ksi)
Tensile Strength (aged) 1,170–1,310 MPa (170–190 ksi)
Yield Strength (solution treated) 800 MPa (116 ksi)
Yield Strength (aged) 1,100–1,240 MPa (160–180 ksi)
Elongation (solution treated) 15–20%
Elongation (aged) 6–8%
Density 4.71 g/cm³ (0.170 lb/in³)
Elastic Modulus 100 GPa (14.5 × 10⁶ psi)
Beta Transus 760°C (1,400°F)
Hardness (aged) 40–44 HRC
Cold Bend Radius (solution treated) 1.5T to 2T
Processing Methods

Available Processing Methods

Grade 21 Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al can be processed using the following manufacturing techniques:

Cold forming — Excellent in solution-treated condition; complex shapes can be formed at room temperature
Sheet metal forming — Stamping, deep drawing, brake forming all applicable
CNC machining — Good in both ST and aged conditions
TIG welding — Acceptable; post-weld aging required to restore parent metal strength
Spot welding — Excellent for thin-gauge assemblies
Laser welding — Suitable for precision sheet metal joining
Solution treatment — At 790–815°C (1,450–1,500°F) followed by rapid air cool
Aging — At 480–540°C (900–1,000°F) for 8–16 hours
Chemical etching — Standard HF/HNO₃ solutions with beta-specific etch rates
Anodizing — Applicable for corrosion protection and wear resistance
Downstream Products

Typical Products & Components

Grade 21 Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al is commonly fabricated into the following downstream products:

Aerospace sheet metal structures — ducting, fairings, cowlings
Honeycomb sandwich panels for aircraft flooring and control surfaces
Aircraft spring components — landing gear springs, control system springs
High-strength fasteners and rivets (cold headed)
Aircraft seat tracks and interior structures
Missile and rocket skin panels
Lightweight armor panels for military vehicles
Automotive exhaust springs and suspension components
Industries

Primary Industries

Grade 21 Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al serves as a material of choice across these industries:

Aerospace — Sheet metal structures, ducting, springs, honeycomb panels
Defense — Lightweight armor, missile structures
Automotive — Springs, exhaust components, crash structures
Motorsports — Lightweight chassis and body panels
Medical — Spring instruments and orthodontic devices
Alternative Materials

Alternative Materials

Depending on application requirements, Grade 21 may be substituted by:

Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) — Lower formability but higher modulus and lower cost for sheet applications
Grade 9 (Ti-3Al-2.5V) — Lower strength but better cold formability for tubing
Grade 19 (Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al) — Better for thick-section forgings but less formable in sheet form
Ti-5-5-5-3 (Ti-5Al-5V-5Mo-3Cr) — Alternative high-strength beta alloy
Spring steel (SAE 5160) — Lower cost for spring applications but heavier
Why BOZE CNC Ti

Why Choose Us for This Grade

BOZE CNC Ti manufactures Grade 21 beta titanium components for aerospace with precision forming, vacuum heat treatment, and AS9100D quality systems.

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